A mobile phone screen consists of a cover glass, a touchscreen, and a display. The touchscreen is usually called the phone's outer screen, used for touching icons and text, while the display is used to display images and is the phone's inner screen. The differences between a mobile phone display and a touchscreen are:
1. The display is an output device, while the touchscreen is an input device;
2. The display cannot sense touch and is only used to display images; the touchscreen is completely transparent, cannot display images, but can sense user touch to perform operations.
A mobile phone screen consists of a display and a touchscreen working together; neither can be missing. If a mobile phone is damaged during use, there's a simple way to determine whether the inner or outer screen is damaged: If there's no image displayed but touch operations are possible, the inner screen is damaged. If clicking the screen has no effect but displays normally, the touchscreen is malfunctioning. Damage to any layer of the screen requires immediate replacement of the entire screen module.
Mobile Phone Display: The two main types of mobile phone displays are LCD screens and OLED screens.
LCD screens, also known as liquid crystal displays, use two polarized materials with liquid crystal particles in between. When current flows through them, the liquid crystal particles align in a regular pattern to display images. OLED screens use an ultra-thin organic material coating and glass substrate. They do not require a backlight; they emit light themselves when current flows to display images, text, videos, and animations. LCD screens have advantages such as low power consumption, low radiation, and no image distortion. OLED screens are thinner, have wider viewing angles, higher brightness, and are flexible, making them more popular in the era of full-screen displays.
Mobile Phone Touchscreens: Mobile phone touchscreens primarily use resistive and capacitive touchscreens.
Resistive touchscreens use a voltage divider to generate voltages representing the X and Y coordinates. Software then identifies these coordinate changes to execute corresponding functions. Resistive touchscreens have many layers, poor light transmittance, and only support single-point touch. While durable, they offer a less than ideal user experience and fail to meet user needs.
Capacitive touchscreens are the mainstream configuration for mobile phone screens. They support multi-touch, have high light sensitivity, and are highly responsive, making them more convenient to use. Capacitive touchscreens can instantly sense the electrical current when a finger touches the screen. This current flows to the touch point, forming a coupling capacitance with the conductive layer. The screen controller receives this current, calculates its strength, and executes the corresponding operation.
Therefore, a mobile phone screen is not a single, monolithic unit, but rather composed of multiple layers. The display screen and touchscreen each have their own functions; only when they are used together do they form a complete screen capable of displaying images and performing operations, greatly enhancing convenience and the user experience.